Successful transition to retirement in Australia
Abstract
This study proposed and investigated a model of retirement in which successful retirement in Australia is achieved by sustaining community connections. A total of 650 participants (360 men, Mage=61.08, 290 women, Mage=58.39) from the general community, over the age of 45, participated in the study. The participants completed online questionnaires including the Sense of Community Index (SCI-2), the DASS-21, and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Consistent with the proposed model, this study found that sense of community for retirees was positively related to life satisfaction and negatively related to anxiety. Retirees who were members of community groups were happier than those who were employed, independent of the employed person’s community membership. For retirees, having a sense of community remained a significant predictor of happiness, even after controlling for self-rated health. The results suggest that community connections are important for a successful and healthy retirement, and therefore that retirement planning should include advice about creating positive connections with family, friends, and community.
Keywords
References
Shultz, K. S., & Wang, M. (2011) Psychological perspectives on the changing nature of retirement. American Psychologist, 66: 170-179
Ekerdt, D. J. (2010). Frontiers of research on work and retirement. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 65B: 69–80. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbp109
Australian Bureau of Statistics (2009). Employment arrangements, retirement and superannuation, Australia, April to July 2007 (Reissue) (ABS catalogue number 6361.0). Retrieved from http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/6361.0
Stokes, G. (1992). On being old: The psychology of later life. London: Falmer Press
Cumming, E., Henry, W. E., & Damianopoulos. (1961) A formal statement of disengagement theory. In E. Cumming & W. E. Henry (Eds), Growing old: The process of disengagement. New York: Basic Books
Kloep, M., & Hendry, L. B. (2006) Entry or exit? Transitions into retirement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 79: 569-593
Bowling, A., Gabriel, Z., Banister, D., & Sutton, S. (2004) Adding quality to quantity: Older people’s views on their quality of life and its enhancement. ESRC Growing Older Programme, Sheffield
Brown, G. W., & Harris, T. O. (1978) Social origins of depression: A study of psychiatric disorder in women. London: Tavistock
Monroe, S. M., Imhoff, D. F., Wise, B. D., & Harris, J. E. (1983) Prediction of psychological symptoms under high-risk psychosocial circumstances: life events, social support, and symptom specificity. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 92: 338-350
Erikson, E. H. (1959) Identity and the life cycle: Selected papers. Psychological Issues, 1: 1-171
Ebersole, P., Touhy, T., Hess, P. C., Jett, K., & Luggen, A. S. (2007) Toward healthy aging: Human needs and nursing responses (7th ed.) St Louis: Mosby
De Leo, D., Hickey, P. A., Neulinger, K., & Cantor, C. H. (2001) Ageing and suicide. Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, Canberra
Atchley R. C. (1971) Retirement and leisure participation: Continuity or crisis? The Gerontologist, 11(1): 13–17.
Reitzes, D. C., & Mutran, E. J. (2002) Self-concept as the organization of roles: Importance, centrality, and balance. Sociological Quarterly, 43: 647–667
Wu, A. S., Tang, C. S., & Yan, E. C. (2005) Post-retirement voluntary work and psychological functioning among older Chinese in Hong Kong. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 20: 27–45
Pretty, G., Bishop, B., Fisher, A., & Sonn, C. (2006) Psychological sense of community and its relevance to well-being and everyday life in Australia. Retrieved from http://www.groups.psychology.org.au/Assets/Files/Community-Updated-Sept061.pdf
Sarason, S. B., (1974) The psychological sense of community: Prospects for a community psychology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
McMillan, D. W., & Chavis, D. M. (1986) Sense of community: A definition and theory. Journal of Community Psychology, 14(1): 6–23
Chavis, D. M., Lee, K. S., & Acosta J. D. (2008) The Sense of Community (SCI) Revised: The Reliability and Validity of the SCI-2. Paper presented at the 2nd International Community Psychology Conference, Lisboa, Portugal
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995) Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Sydney, Australia: Psychology Foundation of Australia
Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998) Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10(2): 176-181
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985) The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49: 71-75
Michinov, E., Fouquereau, E., & Fernandez, A. (2008) Retirees’ social identity and satisfaction with retirement. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 66(3): 175-194
Cherniss, C., & Deegan, G. (2000) The creation of alternative settings. In J. Rappaport & E. Seidman (Eds.), Handbook of community psychology (pp. 359-377). New York: Kluwer Academic
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
ISSN: 2049-6869
Social Sciences Directory



